Study of an Inter-Planetary Magnetic Field (IMF) Intensity during Space Weather Disturbances

Abstract

This study investigates the intensity of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) during space weather disturbances and its impact on atmospheric electric currents, which is crucial for understanding space weather. Observations of atmospheric characteristics like conductivity and potential gradient define the Global Electrical Circuit (GEC) connecting the troposphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere. Utilising data from high-latitude polar regions, where human pollution is minimal, the study assesses various phenomena's effects on atmospheric electricity, employing statistical techniques like the Fourier Transform on Antarctic station data. Results reveal distinct variations in atmospheric electric fields during solar wind-induced geomagnetic storms, influenced by wind speed and local geography. The research emphasises multi-station observations to comprehensively grasp interactions between solar activity, geomagnetic disturbances, and atmospheric electricity. These findings shed light on how changes in the interplanetary magnetic field impact atmospheric electric field intensity, advancing understanding of space weather phenomena.